Oil burner



Nov. 29, '1927.

D. R. MARTIN ori. BURNER originaly Filed Jan.1e,r -1922 3 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR.

ATTORNEY.

D. R. MARTIN OIL BURNER Original Filed Jan. 13, 1922 3 Shee ts-Shet 2 l v 1 INVENToR. l PQI'V Ii. Mir/[fa BY *A ATTORNEY.

D. R. MARTIN Nov. 29, 1927.

OIL BURNER Original Filed .Jan.l3. 1922 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Y INVENTOR. Dorf if. Nar/1b.,

ATTORNEY. y

Patented Nev. 29, 1927;

DOR/R R. MARTIN, 0F DETROIT, lMICHIGAN'l Yon. BURNER.

Application filed J' anuary 13, 1922, Serial No. 528,939. Renewed February 5, 1923.

This invention relates to oil burning (le-v vices for steam heating furnaces, steam boilers etc., and the object of the invention is to provide a simple,etlicient and comparatively inexpensive automatically operated burner adapted to maintain the temperature of the boiler between predetermined high and low limits. A feature of the invention is involved in the means whereby the vtemperature of the' oil flowing through the burner is maintained at a controllable uniform temperature practically unaffected di rectly by the heat of the burner. A further object'of the invention is to provide, in conjunction with an oil burning device. a pilot light supplied byv a gas line by means of which Vthe oil may be ignited and through and-by means of which the temperature of the inflowing oil is maintained uniform and also to provide in conjunction therewith means for cutting off the oil supply to the burner .upon the pilot being extinguished. A further object of the invention is to provide, in conjunction with the burner, a device controlled by the pressure of the Water of the boiler being heated, for stopping or starting the iow of oil in the burner. A further kobject of the invention is to provide, in conjunction with the burner, a means whereby the flow of oil in the burner may be stopped or started manually or thermostatically. The oil is supplied tothe burner by means of an electric motor and a pump and the automatic control Adevices are utilized to make or break the circuit of the motor thus starting or stopping the iiow of oil through the burner. Other specific details of the invention and objects and novel features thereof are hereinafter more fully described :and claimed and the preferred form of a burner structure embodying my invention is shown' in the accompanying drawings in which- Fig. 1 is a section taken on line 1--1 of Fig. 2 showing my improved oil burner. Fig. 2 is a plan view thereof. Fig. 3 is an elevationof part'of the ,control mechanism.,`

Fig. 4 is a section taken on line 4-4 of Fig. 3. I

Fig. 5 is an enlarged detail showing the oil channel or conduit and the chamber in which it is housed. n

Fig. 6 is a diagram showing the burner', boiler, motor, pump! and thermostat.

to supply the The member 1 has a chamber 10 in the for- 8 coil extends to the The burner consists of a. casing 1 containmg the control parts and oil conduit and heating chamber therefor at the forward end of which is the oil discharge nozzle 2. This nozzle 2 discharges through a centrally apertured cone shaped member 3 about the open end of which is another somewhat similar shaped member 4 providing a mixing chamber, there being a space 5 provided between the two members 3 and 4 at the rear of the open .end rof the member 3 through which air may How to provide the necessary oxygen for the burning of the oil discharged through the nozzle and member 3. This member 4 may be supported in a. cylindrical or other; shaped member 6 which may be fastened directly to an aperture, for instance the door opening, of a furnace being provided with a flange 7 having apertures for reception of bolts to secure the members 6 in place. The casing 1 `is supported on the member by a series of bolts 8 as will be understood from Figs. 1 and 2 which hold the member 1 and the forward flange 9 thereof properly'spaced relative to the rear open end of the member 4. The air. How may be varied by means of thesev bolts 8 to bring the member 1 and ange 9 thereof nearer'or farther from the rear end of the member 4 as may be required necessary air for combustion.

ward part thereof, the forward end of which is closed by a cap plate 11 secured thereto in a manner to seal the chamber. The nozzle 2 is provided in this cap 11 and in addition to this nozzle is provided with a conduit 12 to which the oil conduit 13 is secured in a manner to prevent leakage of oil within the chamber 10. A member 53, forming a drippage cup below the nozzle 2. is provided on the cap plate 11 and also vacts as a deector for the pilot flame. Due to the heat to which the cup is subjected, oil may not accumulate therein and drippage from the burner is prevented. This oil conduit 13 in the chamber 10 is preferably in the form of a cylindrical coil, the discharge end of which is connected with theconduit 12. It is to be noted that the rear end of the coil is connected with the conduit 12 and the forward end ofthe rear where it passes out through the wall of the chamber 10, as will be readily understood from Fig. 2 and' 1s there provided with a vent leakage from the chamber. This chamber has a water supply line and adischarge line 16 openingthereinto from the opposite side as will be understood from F ig. 1. Both water supply line 15 and discharge line 16 are provided with valves as p indicated in Fig. 1 designed to regulate the l that various grades of oil perature of #the thermostat being attained,l the burner will flow of water to and from the chamber 10. The supply line should be connected with the boiler near the bottom of the-water space and the line 16 should be connected with the water space of the'boiler above the point of connection 0f the line 15 being in such relation that water may naturally flow through the chamber 1 0 due to difference in temperature' of the water in the lines 15 and.

.16. The conduit 12 and coil vof the oil line heretofore mentioned, being in the chamber 10 are subject-'to the temperature of .the

this uniform temperature may be regulated as required by the means of adjusting pilot flame and the 'valve in the water supply line 15 and discharge line 16, I having found requirev different temperatures to secure the best results. The Hame ofthe burner is forward of the open end of the shield 3and thus is. at a, point distant from the oil conduit and chamber 10 and therefore the flame of the burner does not materially affect the temperature of the oil in the conduit. Heretofore, it has been the practice to heat the oil 4for the burner usually by the influence of the heat or flame of the burner but as this varies considerably,

such arrangement has proven unsatisfactory,

a more eficient 'and economical result being attained 'by'. holding the oil at practically a uniformtem erature'. I have found it desirable to Aho d the oil practicallyv at the desired temperature even when the burneris not in operation in order that when the burner starts to operate the oil will be in the best condition to produce the proper flame.

The burner is automatic in its operationthatvis, upon a certain low pressure of the 4boiler being attained or a certain low temstart into operation, the oil being started flowing through the coil 13 and 4nozzle 2. This is ignited by the pilot light indicated at 1'( which is fed by a gas line 18. This Vilot burner projects its flame around an pastv the member142 and inlet -pipe 15 through a chamber 19 formed in the casing 1 and into the shield member 3 very close to the point of discharge of oil from the nozzle 2. It will be understood from the po-A sition of the pilot burnerthat the projection of the ilot ame is at an angleto the direction o foil How through the nozzle 2. It will packing nut 14 to prethe chamber 10 lies 'directly inthe path of this pilot iiame which is to be understood to be normally burning. Thus the water in the pipe 15 Will be heated and this will tend to Cause a flow of water through thechamber 10 even when the oil burner is not in operation. This will maintain the oil in the oil conduit and coil at j the vmost eiiicient result Lin combustion. lrVhenthe burner is in operationpand the water of the boiler heated, the flow through the 'chamber 10 continues and, due-'to the chamber 10 being o )en to theboiler, the pressure of the boiler aifects the pressure in the chamberlO and thispressure is utilized to control the starting or stopping of the oil-flow-that is, when the pressure has reached the desired .maximum point the oil flow is to be stopped and when the pressure' in the boil'er has reached the minimum the oil flow is tol be started and this is accomplished in.' the following manner:

proper temperature for securing v with burners of this general type and as indi# cated in the diagram Fig. 6, an electric motor' 60 is utilized in the operation of a pump 70'to force the oil under pressure through the oil line and nozzle. The oil is projected forward of the shield 3 and through the forward end of the member 4 being ignited by the pilot ame from thepilot burner 17 as heretofore stated. Part o f the electric circuit for thev motor is indicated' at 20 and 21, which lines lead into a switch member 22 at the rear upper side Aof the casing 1. This switch is of the ordinary lever type indicated more clearly in Fig. 3 by dotted lines and these two lines 2O and case to terminals '23 and 24 respectively which may be closed by a' contact member 25-0n an arm 2.6. This switch is of a common type now on the market and the. arm |26 is provided with a spring (not here shown) whichv tends to 'withdraw 'the member 25 .from engagement with the contacts 23 andy 24. A button or push rod 27 is provided for 21 lead into the switch the switch by vdepression of which, from the position shown in F ig`. 1, the-circuit between ergizedand, when released to spring, the lever 26 moves to the position shown in Fig. 1 breakingthe circuit and stopping .the motor, it being remembered that the starting ofthe motor causes' oil to be discharged throughthe nozzle 2 and the stopping of the motor causes cessation of such discharge of -the oil. -l

' To automatically control the stopping and starting of the motor in order to maintain the temperature 'influencingA the thermostat -or the pressure of the boiler within the desired ranges, I have provided a bellows mem'- ber 28 which is the 'usual known type' of Adeeply corrugated metal cylinderthat may expand or contract under variations in pressure. The base of this corrugated bellows i member has anapertured hub 29 open to the chamber 10. `The opposite end of the bellows is closed and is provided with an outwardly projectinglug 30,.this lug riding in a trunnion 31 provided in a bracket in the interior ofthe chamber 80 for the bellows member. Itwill be seen from this arrangement that the interior of the member 28 is open to the chamber and upon an increase in pressure, due to ressure of. steam, the bellows member 28 w1ll be caused to expand which is the condition of the device in Fig. 1.

I have utilized this bellows member 28 to control the switch 22 and for this purpose I have provided a lever 32 secured on the cross shaft 33 pivotally mounted at the rear end of the casing 1. Tliisl lever is shownlin side -lll elevation in Fi 1 and infront elevation in Fig. 3. It wil be observed from these two figures that the said lever 32 extends upward from its pivotal shaft support and terminates just forward of the push rod 27 of the switch against which it may engage. It will be observed more particularly from Fig. 3 that the member 30'of the bellows device engages against thelever between the shaft and its extremity and that, upon pressure being exerted in the member 28, the switch lever will be moved outward to position shown in Fig. 1 allowing the spring of the switch to project the push rod and break the electric circuit to the motor. This stops the oil flame due to the fact that oil is not `discharged through the nozzle upon the stopping of the motor and thus when the 'pressure of the boiler is sufliciently high, oil is automatically cut off from the burner and in order to start the burner into operation the push rod 27 must be depressed closing the circuit to the motor.

I have provided for the starting of the motor uponpredetermined reduction of pressure in the boiler in the following manner-The shaft 33,' which provides the pivotal support of the switch control lever 32, is vpivoted inv bearings in the casing in which itmay turn and further, ashereinafter shown, in which the shaft may move longitudinally. On the outer side of the casing, as will be understood from Figs. 2 and 3, the shaft has rig- -idly attached thereto a forwardly' extending lever 34, the forward end of which isprovided with an eye to receive the hook 35, which hook has a stem depending therefrom sustaining the weights 36, a greater or less -number of which may be supported on the said hook member to increase or decrease the pressure Itending' to turn the shaft'33 and switch controllever 32 thereon. By this arrangement t will be, seen that, as the pressure decreases in the boiler and consequently in the chamber 10 and bellows member 28, it will reach a point where it is overcome by the weighted arm 34; This causes the lever 32 to move forward to thev rightof the position shown in Fig. 1 depressing the push rod 27 of the switch and closing the electric circuit to the motor which, upon starting operation, causes flow of'oil under pressure through the, nozzle 2. This is automatically. ignited by the pilot light and the motor will continue to run during the time the push rod is depressed and the motor circuit closed.

lVith the operation of the apparatus as described herein, the motor switch is closed by the weighted lever and is opened by pressure of the water in the chamber 1() and in the boiler. 'A room whose temperature is to be regulated might not be heated to the requisite 4degree at the time a comparatively- The movement of the lever 101 is such with reference to the thermostat that it moves to the position indicated in full lines in Fig. 6 when the temperature of theroom influencing the thermostat is at a predetermined high point and moves to position indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 6 when the temperature of the room falls to a predetermined point. This lever 101 is connected with-the eye of the lever 34 ofthe burner by means V of a cable or other adaptable deviceA 102 so that the relative operative and inoperative positions of the 4two levers 34 and 101 are synchronous-that is, when the temperature of the room by which the thermostat is influenced rises to a predetermined point the burner will be shut olf and when it drops to a predetermined point the weighted lever will be dropped and the burner turned on as heretofore described. In conjunction with this well known type of thermostat and thermostat motor the bellowsv member 28 really becomes a safety factor preventing too high pressure being attained in the boiler before the temperature of the room reaches the desired high degree. In the event the pressure in the bellows reaches its high point before the temperature of the room has risen to the high point the bellows member 28 would act lto break the motor circuit and stop the flame irrespective of the condition of the thermostat and thermostat motor, but when the temperature of the room has reached the high point the thermostat motor would o erate. to raise the Weighted lever 34 and old the electric motorcircuit broken, stop ing the flame. Under this condition the dame will not be started until the thermostat and its motor act to drop the weighted lever and close the circuit for the electric motor. By

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lll() this general arrangementof parts the burner is made automatic n its operation and therefore ystarting and stopping the flame of the burner as the pressure of the boiler is 'low or high or as the temperature influencing the thermostat is low or high. The range of i pressure within which the burner may operate is det-ermined by the amount of weight with which the arm 34 is provided. One of the sources of failure of previously known oil ,burning devices for furnaces is obviated in that there is no possibility of oil flowing after the flame is extinguished as the oil line is completely released from pressure to eX- tinguish the flame. Any drippage occurring upon stopping the motor is caught in the cup 55 and, as the cup is hot, such drippage is immediately vaporized. The oil ressure y.is produced by the4 pump operated y the motor and the oil will burn as long as there is any'discharee thereof due to the fact of the discharge eing directly into and through theh llame of the pilot light.

the path of the pilot flame. This member 42l 4 to the bellows member 28 Another source of trouble with ordinary Aoil burning devices arises through possible operation ofthe pump and motor when the pilot light is extinguished and if that should happen the oilmay be discharged without being ignited. To avoid this difliculty I have provided a peculiar structure to prevent the operation of the device if the pilot light is out. This is arranged in the follow` ing manner-In the structure here shown I have provided an expansible bellows mem -ber40 in Fig. l which is'lilled with a volatile fluid and is similar inV general respects but considerably smaller than the said. member. The base of this bellows member 40 is mounted as indi-` cated at 4l directly on the side of the casing 1. The rear end bfthis member 40 has a rod 42, thel terminal end of which is bent to lie in therefore is heated by,the pilot flame and the heat, by reason of the rectly to the base of the bellows memberl 30 is conducted directly to thevolatile fluid within the member 40 causing the same to expand. The forward end 43 of this bellows member is' provided with a tubular extension 44 in the-'open .end of which is mounted a plug 4 5 having a slot 46 therein through which a -pin 4 7 extends support-ing the same in place cir'cumferentialgroove 49 in 'which the endrod being attached diand allowing some latitude .of mfvement of the tube relative to the plug .45. I

bellows member would normally, due to its structure tend to contract .and to finally n withdraw the plug 45 from its groove in the hub of the control member 32. 'lhe slip connection of the plug in the tube 44 permits the member to expand and contract within certain limits without actuating the lu p lithdrawal of t-he plug from its groove permits the spring 5 0 to force the shaft 33 and the lever 32 fixed' thereto to the right l of the position vshown in Fig. 3 and this brings the upper end of-the control lever 32 out of cont-act with the end of the push rod 27 of the'switch and permits the push rofl, due to action of the spring-of the switch, to project outwardly to the' position shown in Fig. 1 breaking the supply circuit for the motor and stopping operation of the burner and preventing operation of the burner until the parts are restored to normal position.l -These parts may be restored to normalpositiony by lighting the pilot light through heating the rod 42 which will cause the bellows member 40 to expand tending to project the plug 45 whereupon the lever 32 and its rod may be moved to the left to position to allow the plug 45 to enter its groove 50 and to hold the parts in their normal posi.- tion. In order that the lever 32 in its movement to the right by action of the spring 5i) may not be brought out of operative relation with the member 30 of the bellows member 28, I have provided a side extension 52 thereon so that, whatever the position of the lever 32, it is always contacted by the-member 30 and in position to be actuated thereby.

The chamberlO is here shown asconnectedv with the water space of the boilerbut evi- Hifi llo

dently the chamber maybe connected' with a`source of supply separate from the boiler than Water may if desired and liquid other bev supplied thereto which will b heated by the pilot light directed againstjthe conduit 1.5 for the liquid adjacentthe chamber. This l1quid or water in the chamber has a double i 'provided' inthe forward wall of the chamber 10 and water or other .liquid in the chamber' absorbs the'heat from'this forward wall and shown particularly 4in Fig.. 5, this nozzle chamber.

should operate at atemperature closely' apnozzle caused by the burning of the fuel at the nozzle and the temperaturewat which the nozzle may operate will depend very largely upon the distance the discharge point of the nozzle i's'from the forward wall 1l, of the If it is desired that the nozzle proaching the carbonizing point of the fuel, it may be a greater distance from the forward wall 11 than as shown in the drawing-that is, in a burner adapted for use in va boiler' of the character ordinarily utilized in household heating systems, I have found that a nozzle approximately four inches in length will become heated at the discharge end'approximately to the carbonizing temperature of kerosene. Therefore, for such purpose the fuel nozzle is preferably not more than two inches in -length and may be formed considerabl less in length directly in the forward wa 11 and still secure an ellicient result. By providing means for preventing` carbonizing of the fuel at the nozzle, andchoking of the fuel line by deposition of mat-ter therein by influence of high de grecs of heat, I have secured a highly elticient burner requiring lit-tle or no attention of the operator and eliminated the cause of failure found in many well known fuel oil burners. v

From the foregoing description it is'evident that the objects of the invention are achieved; that the' burner is automatic in operation and controlled by the temperature at the thermostat or by the pressure in the boiler and that the burner is lautomatically rendered inoperative in case the pilot is extinguished or the pressure reaches a predetermined maximum point. It is further evident that the device is highly eflicient 'in operation due largely to the fact that means is provided vto maintain the oil at an equable temperature; that means is provided to vary the' air flow thus enabling the burner to be adjusted to secure a flame of the highestl thermal eiciency, andthat the various objectionable features of oil burners heretofore used are eliminated. v

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is 1. In an oil burner, yfor furnaces having a water space, a casing having a chamber,

lthe forward wall of which is provided with an aperture, a nozzle member on the exterior of the saldwall with which thel said aperture is in communication, an oil conduit hav ing a portion thereof enclosed within the 4chamber and connected with the said aperture of the front wall, a water supply conduit leading to and from the said chamber and connected with the water space of the Afor the burner, the* flamelof w of the Water in the chamber practically constant, electrically operated means for supplying oil to the oil conduit, and automatic means actuated through influence of pressurev of water in the chamber to control the said electrically operated means.

2. In an oil burner, a casing having a chamber, an oil conduit having a portion within the chamber in the form of a coil, a discharge nozzle with which the said coil is connected, a water supply line leading to and from the said chamber, a pilot light for the burner positioned to direct the iame thereof upon the water conduit whereby the temperature of the Water in the chamber is maintained at practically constant temperature, automatic means actuated through influence of pressure of the water in the chaml ber for controlling'the iow of oil through the conduit.

3. Inan oil burner for steam boilers and the like comprising thecombination therewith, of a casing having a chamber, conduits to and from the chamber opening to the water space of the boiler, one of said lines connected with the-water space near the bottom and the other connected with the water space thereabove, an oil conduit having a material part thereof located within the said chamber, an electric motor, a pump for dischargin the fluid under pressure through the oi conduit, a ilot light for heating the water inlet to t e chamber to maintain the water-in the chamber at an equable temperature, a discharge nozzle at from the nozzle, autoing the circuit to the motor upon the flame of the pilot burner being' extinguished.

4. In anyoilfburner for a steam boiler, a

casing having a chamber, an oil conduit having a portion thereofpin the form ofja` coil within the saidchamber, anozzle with which the dischargeend of the coil is connected and through which the oil may be discharged forcombustion, a water supply line leading to and dfrom the said chamber a pilot light hich impinges on the water conduit whereby thedtemperature of-water passing .through the Water chamber is maintained at practically constant temperature, the pilot'light being further ada ted to ignite the oil discharge from the con uit, `said waterl supply lqnie being connected with the water space of being heated by the burner whereby the pres' sure of the boiler is imposed updn that of the chamber, anexpansible and contractible bellows member open to the' chamber and e boiler' Y l subject to the iniiuence ofthe pressure thereof, anelectric switch, means actuated by the lbellows in expanding `to open the switch,

' the boiler, an outlet line for the chamber connected to the water space above the first i named line, an oil conduit having a portion thereof located within the said chamber subject to the temperature of the water passing therethrough, a discharge nozzlewith which the said oil line is connected through which the oil is discharged under pressure by' means of the pump, an electric circuit forthe motor, a switch in the circuit, a weighted lever tending to actuate the switch to close the circuit, an' expansible member subject to inluence of pressure of the water in the said chamber to actuate the lever to cause the switch to break the electric, circuit.

6. An oil burner for the heating of steam boilers etc., comprising the combination with the boiler, an oil supply sourcev and electrically controlled means for causing the flow of oil under pressure, of a casing having a chamber, an intake line and a discharge line for the chamber connecting respectively with a lower and a higher level of the watel` space ofthe boiler, an oil conduit throu h which oil is caused to flow by the electrical y controlled apparatus, said conduit having a portion thereof. located within the said chamber subject lto the temperature of the water passingl therethrough, a discharge nozzle with which thesaid oil line is conf nected, a circuit for the said electrical apparatus, aswitch for controlling the circuit, said switch having -a spring projected push lrod .normally opening the switch to the circuit, a weighted lever'having an end engaging'the push rod, vthe weight thereof i tendine` to close the lswitch against the tension o its spring, said lever being adapted to be variably weighted lforfthe purpose described, an exnansible bellows like member open to ,the interior ofthe said water chamberof the/burner and -adapted by expansion to retract the lever against the weight there--v f of to ermit the spring to open the switch.

7.v n an oil burner for heating4 steam' boilers etc., the combination: with the boiler, v

an oil supply source and electrically controlled means Afor causing flow of oil under pressure, ofacasing having a chamber connected -with the water space of the boiler to permit a' flow of water-through in the chaml 95. r'atns forcausing the flow o'f oil, a nozzle be?, an oil conduit connected with the appa'- in combination with light is extinguished break b ythrough which the -conduit discharges, an

ratus, a weighted lever foractuating the,

switch to close the circuit, and an expansion bellows member adapted to expand by l pressure of the water in the said chamber to actuate the lever and opening the switch to break the electric circuit.

8. In an oil burner for steam boilers etc.,

the boiler, an oil supply source, a conduit for the oil and electrically controlled means for causing flow of oil therethrough, otl a casing having a chamber connected with the water space oi' the boller 1n a manner to permit flow of water throughfthe chamber, a nozzle with which the oil conduit is connected .and through which the oil is discharged, a pilot light so positioned ,that the flame thereof may ignite the oil las discharged from the nozzle, a switch for the circuit of the electrically controlled-apparatus, automatc means whereby the switch may be opened upon pressure in the chamber reaching a predetermined amount and closed upon pressure falling below a predetermined amount, means inluenced by the relation, and means whereby when the pilot the said automatic means is in non-operative relation withv the switch. v

9. In an oil burner for steam furnaces etc., the combination with a boiler, oil supply conduit and electrically controlled means for forcing oil under pressure therethrough, of a casing having a chamber connected with the water space of the boiler in a manner to permit flow of water through the chamber, a nozzle with which the oil conduit is connected, a oil on discharge through the nozzle, a 'switch for the circuit of the electrically controlled apparatus, an expansibl-e bellows like inemer containing a. volatile fluid adapted to be influenced by the heat of the pilot light, a switch for the circuit of the electrically cone trolled apparatus, a weighted operating lever for actuating the switch to close the electric circuit, means influenced by the pressure of the water in the chamber to cause the switch to open the circuit for the electrically controlled means, al spring tending to movetlie leverout of operative relation with the switch element, the expansion bellows member while under influencent` heat of the pilot flame tending to hold the switch actuating lever in operative relation with the the like, thefcolnbination with the boiler,

pilot light positioned to ignite the l heat of the .pilot light to maintain the automatic means in ,opera-tive to operate the switch control to close the switch upon reduction of pressure in the said chamber, means lwhereby the switch control device tendsto move to non-operative position, a pilot light, and means actuated by the heat of the flame thereof to hold the switch control parts in operative relation with the switch.,

1l. In an oil burner for steam boilers and the like, the combination with the boiler, an

oil conduit and electrically controlled means for causing a flow of oil under pressure through the conduit, of a casing provided with a chamber, said oil conduit passing through the chamber, a water conduit -providing an inlet for the chamber connected with the lower part of the water space of the boiler, a water lconduit providing an outlet for the chamber connecting with the water space of the boiler above the first named conduit, a valve in the said last named conduit, an electric circuit for the said'electrically controlled means, a switch for opening or closing the circuit, a switch control device gravity actuated to close the switch, means subject to pressure of the'water in the water chamber for actuating the switch control device to open the switch, and a pilot lightV positioned to maintain the water of the watervchamber at practically uniform temperature and further adapted to ignite the oil discharged through the burner.

12. In an oil burner for steam boilers and the like, the combination with the boiler, an oil conduit, and electrically controlled means for causing flow of. oil under pressure through the conduit, of a casing provided with a chamber, said oil conduit having a portion thereof in the said chamber, a

Y water inlet and outlet for the chamber oonswitch, and means actuated ,by pressure of the water in the water chamber to open the switch.

` 13. In an oil burner for steam boilers and the like, the combination with the boiler, an oil supply source, a conduit for the oil and electrlcally controlled means for causing a flow of oil under pressure through'jthe conduit, of a casing having a chamber connected with the water space of the boiler to ermit a ow of water through the cham er, a nozzle with which the oil conduit is connected, a portion of the said oil conduit being located in the said chamber of the casing, a pilot light so positioned that the flame thereof may ignite the oil as dischargedv from the nozzle and further to maintain the temperature of the water flowing through thechamber at substantially uniform tempera-` ture', a switch for the circuit of the said electrical controlled means, automatic means whereby the switch may be opened upon pressure in the chamber reaching a predetermined amount, gravity actuated means for .closing the switch upon pressure falling below a predetermined amount, and thermostatically controlled means by which the switch may be opened by influence of temperature of predetermined high degree.

14. In an oil lburner-Gfor steam furnaces and the like, the combination with the furnace and electrically controlled apparatus for forcing oil through the burner to the furnace, of a pilot light located in,the burner in position to iggnite the oil as it is. discharged, a switc for opening and closing the circuit of the electrically controlled apparatus, a switch control device gravity actuated to close the switch, means actuated by the steam pressure of the boiler to open the switch, a thermostat and apparatus controlled thereby forl controlling the 'said switch control apparatus operating the same to maintain the switch open to actuation by gravity upon certain low degree of tem-A perature. i

15. In a fuel burner for steam boilers and the like, the combination with the boiler, of a casing providing a chamber, a nozzle 'at the forward end of the chamber for discharging fuel oil to beneath the boiler to heat the water therein, a fuel conduit having a material portion thereof within the chamber and connected with the nozzle, means connecting the chamber with the waterspace of the boiler ermitting a 4flow of water from the cham er to the boiler and from the boiler to the chamber, and auto-l matic means actuated throughdncrease of pressure in the water chamber to predetermined extent to cause cessation of iow of oil in the oil conduit and, upon pressure in the water chamber decreasing to -a predetermined extent, to cause oil to flow in the oil conduit. v

16. In an oil burner for'furnaces having for v 35 trol the supply of oil 18. In an oil burner for'the heating ofa water space, al casing'having a chamber, an oil conduit havmg a portion thereof enclosed within the chamber, a nozzle in the wall of the chamber through which oil may be discharged from the conduit, a water supply ,I line-leading toA and from the chamber and connected with the water space of the furnace, a. pilot light for the burner position-cd to heat the water conduit to maintain the temperature ofthe water in the chamber 'practically constant, Aelectrically operated j vinga casina having a-cha'mber, a discharge nozzle in' thev wall of the chamber for the ejection of fuel, an oil conduithavin a por# tion thereof lying within the cha'm er and connected with thenozzle, the chamber. Abeing .closed to the nozzle, means -providing a How of water from the b'oiier to the' chamberl and thence, to'the boiler to cool the front wall of the said chamberand to preheat the oil discharged through the -nozzle in the. saidv wall, and means subject to the pressure of; water in the chamber producedby-the boiler pressure adapted to conto the nozzle.

' through the nozzle,

steam boilers etc., the' combination with a boller, ofv a lburner member comprising .a

casing having a chamber, anintake line for the chamber connected with the lower partof the waterspace of thel boiler, an outlet' line for the chamber connected with the water space above the first named line, av

nozzle in the forward Wall of the chamber, a fuel line discharging through the nozzle,

and means controlled by a pressure of water inthe chamber for controlling the How of fuel in the fuel line.

. 19. In an oil burner for steam boilers and I thelike, a'casing 4.havinf a chamber at its forward end, an o1l disc large nozzle in the front wall of the chamber, a-fuel line, the' .major portion of which is in the form of a coil housedi'n the chamber and discharging said chamber,

a conduit leading from said chamber,

both said conduits openingto the waterspace of the boiler providing for iow o f water through the chamber, means for discharging oil under pressure through thel andmechanism carried by thev said oil line,

casing at the rear of said chamber subject to pressure ofthe water in the chamberA and l adapted to control 4 the discharge of oil whereby 'on certain high pressure in 'the boiler, the Vfuel oil ceases to be discharged and .upon certaindecrease of 'pressure the oil is caused to be discharged. v.

, In testimony whereof I sign this specification. l

DoRR R. MARTIN.

a conduit leading to 

